Windmill.



PATENTED SEPT. 24, 1907.

,mssmsss.

R. S. BELL.

.WINDMILL.

APPLIOATIOK rum uzm, 1907.

A TTORNE VS ROBERT SNOWDEN BELL, OF TUOUMOARI, TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO.

WIN DMILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 24, 1907.

Application filed January 3, 1907. Serial No. 350,584-

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ROBERT SNowDnN BELL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tucumcari, in the county of Quay and Territory of NewMexico, have invented a new and useful Windmill, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention has relation to wind mills and it consists in the novelconstruction and arrangement of its parts as hereinafter shown anddescribed.

The object of the invention is to provide a mill of the characterindicated having sails pivotally mounted between parallel arms whichrotate about a vertical axis in such manner that the sails present flatsides toward the wind in one direction and their edges toward the windwhen moving in the opposite direction so that the back pressure upon thesails is reduced to a minimum and the full force of the wind may beutilized for operating the mill. Normally the parts are arranged so thatthe sails will operate as above indicated but when it is desired thatthe mill should not operate at all, or rather that the sails should notpresent their sides to the wind means is provided for removing stopslocated upon the arms in the paths of the edges of the sails whereby allof the sails may present their edges to the wind and consequently thesaid arms will not be rotated. Means is also provided for accomplishingthe last above mentioned operation should the velocity of the windbecome excessive. The last said means operates automatically and as soonas the velocity of the wind reduces the means automatically operates toproject the stops into the paths of the edges of the sails whereby themill may automatically begin operation again.

With the above objects in view the mill consists of the specialconstruction and arrangement of its parts as hereinafter described indetail.

In the accompanying drawingz Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view ofthe wind mill. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the top of themill cut at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectionalview of the wind mill. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the mill with partsremoved and parts broken. Fig. 5 is a detail view of a portion of theplatform of the mill, and Fig. 6 is a detail perspective View of theoverlapping ends of the lower hoop of the mill.

The mill comprises the vertical shaft 1 journaled for rotation and towhich is keyed the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 3. The platform 4is fixed at the upper end of the mill structure 5 and is heldstationary. The shaft 1 passes through the said platform 4 and isseparated from the same by a ball-bearing 6 of usual construction. Thearms 7, 7 are arranged in pairs, the members of which are verticallydisposed with relation to each other and horizontally disposed withrelation to the plates 2 and 3. The inner ends of the said arms 7 arefixed to the said plates 2 and 3. As

many sets of arms 7 may be provided as desired. The plate 8 is locatedabove the plate 3 and is provided with a central perforation whichreceives the shaft 1. While the said plate 8 is not stationary it doesnot retate with the shaft 1 but is separated from the same by aball-bearing 9. The ball-bearing 10 is interposed between the plates 3and S and the ball-bearing 11 is interposed between the plates 2 andplatform 4. The frames 12 of the sails 13 are provided with thevertically disposed shafts 14 which are journaled at their ends in thevertically opposite arms 7, 7. The said sails are preferably made ofcanvas but any other suitable material may be employed. The shafts 14are not medially located with relation to the frames 12 but are locatedto one side of the median lines thereof.

The stop rods 15 are of peculiar configuration and are journaled attheir upper and lower portions in the arms 7, 7. The lugs 16, 16 arelocated upon the arms 7, 7 and are adapted to limit the rotary movementof the said stop rods 15. Each step rod is provided with the verticallydisposed intermediate portions 17 and the horizontal portions 18, thetrunnion portions 19 and the outstanding portions 20. The coil springs21 are attached at their ends to the arms 7 and also connect with theoutstanding portions 20 of the stop rods 15. The tension of the saidsprings is such as to have a tendency to maintain thehorizontal-portions 18 in contact with the lugs 16 and the intermediateportions 17 in the path of the edge of the sail 13. When theintermediate portion 17 is in engagement with the lugs 16 the distancefrom the said portion to the journal bearings of the sail frame shaft 14is less than the distance from the said sail frame shaft to the verticaledge of the sail frame across the median line thereof. Consequently thesaid intermediate portion 17 lies within the path of the said edge ofthe sail frame and will prevent the said sail frame from describing acomplete rotation.

The platform 4 is provided in its upper surface with an annular recess22. Said recess is provided in its bottom with a radially extendingopening 23 and in the vicinity of said opening with an inclined orcurved opening 24. The inner ends of said openings terminate aboutmidway of the breadth of the recess 22. The band or hoop 25 is locatedupon edge in said recess 22 and the ends of the said hoop overlap as at26. One end of the hoop 25 is provided with a pin 27 which is located inthe opening 23 and the other end of the hook 25 is provided with a pin28 which is located in the opening 24. The loop 29 is attached to theend of the hoop 25 which carries the pin 28. Said loop 29 receives thevertically reduced portion 30 of the said hoop 25 and said portion 30may slide longitudinally through the said loop 29. The end of the hoop25 which carries the loop 29 is reduced in transverse thicknessgradually and terminates in an edge at the end. The pin 28 projectsbelow the lower surface of the platform 4 and one end of the coil spring31 is attached to said pin and the other end of the said spring 31 isattached to the platform 4 in the vicinity of the outer end of theopening 24. The tension of the said spring is such as to have a tendencyto hold the pin at the outer end of the opening 24. Consequently thehoop 25 is normally expanded and lies in the outer portion of theannular recess 22. The pull wire 32 is attached at one end to the pin 28and passes over the pulley 33 which is hung to the platlorm 4. Saidpulley 33 is located at a point substantially in alinement with theopening consequently, when the said wire'32 is pulled the spring 31 iselongated and the hoop 25 is contracted and moved into the intermediateportion of the recess 22.

The plate 2 is provided with a series of perforations 34 which arearranged in a circle and which lie over the annular recess 22. Theslides 35 are located at the lower arms '7 and are provided withdownwardly extending ends 36 which pass through the perforations 34 ofthe plate 2 and which enter the recess 22 and bear against the innerside of the hoop 25, A wire 37 is attached to each of the slides 35 andthe outer end of each of said wires is attached to one of the loweroutstanding ends 20 of a stop rod 15. Thus, it will be seen that whenthe hoop 25 is contracted as above described that the slides 35 will bemoved toward the center of the platform 4 and through the wires 37 thestop rods 15 will be turned upon their trunnion portions so that theintermediate portions 17 thereof will be swung out of the paths of theedges of the sails 13, thus leaving the said sails free to rotate uponthe shafts 14 whereby their edges will always be presented to the windand not their lateral sides. Thus the wheel is thrown out of gear. ,Whenthe wire 32 is released the spring 31 will expand the hoop 25 and thesprings 21 will turn the portions 17 of the stop rods 15 into the pathsof the edges of the sails 13.

The wheel is provided with an automatic governor which will prevent thewheel from rotating at an excessive rate of speed. The governorcomprises the plate 8 before mentioned and the vane 38 mounted thereonwhich always remains in alinenient with the wind and which thussubstantially fixes or holds the plate stationary. The plate 8 isprovided in its under side with an annular recess 39 in which is locateda hoop 40. The ends of the hoop overlap as does the ends of the hoop 25and the said hoops operate in much the same manner. The recess 39 isprovided with the openings 41, through which the pins 42 pass. Said pinsin turn are carried by the ends of the hoop 40. The slides 42 areprovided with upstanding ends which lie against the inner surface of thehoop 40 and are also provided with the downwardly extending ends 43 eachof which is connected by means of a wire 44 with the upper outstandingend 20 of a stop rod 15. Thus it will be seen that as the slides 42 aredrawn toward the center of the plate 8 that the edges of the sails 13will be liberated from the stop rods 15. The vanes 45 are pivoted uponthe top of the plate 8 and are arranged to turn horizontally upon theirpivots. A vane 45 is located on each side of the vane 38. The wires 46connect the vanes 45 with the pins 42. The coil springs 47 are attachedto the pins 42 and the plate 8 and tend to keep the pins 42 at the outerends of the openings 41. The lever 48 is fulcrumed upon the top of theplate 8 and is provided at its power end with an adjustable weight 49and its work end is connected by means of the wires 50 with the vanes 45at opposite sides of the pivots thereof from the points of connection ofthe wire 46 therewith. Thus it will be seen that when the velocity ofthe wind becomes excessive the vanes 45 (which normally have their sidesto the wind) will turn upon their pivots and, through the wires 46 willcontract the hoop 40 and at the same time, through the wires 50 willelevate the weighted end of the lever 48. As the wind subsides theweight 49, actuated by gravity and through the lever 48 and wires 50will turn the vanes 45 upon their pivots into their normal positions.

Thus it will be seen that an automatic mill or wheel of the natureindicated is so provided that the Hat sides of the sails are normallypresented to the wind at that side of the wheel which is turning withthe wind and that the edges of the sails are presented to the wind atthat side of the wheel which is turning against the wind. The parts maybe operated to have the edges of the sails at all times to the wind andthe latter operation is automatically accomplished should the velocityof the wind become excessive.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is:

1. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis, a sailpivoted between said arms and a stop-rod journaled between the arms inparallel relation to said axis and adapted to lie in the path of thesail.

2. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis, a sailpivoted between the arms, a spring retained step-rod journaled betweenthe arms in parallel relation to the said axis and adapted to lie in thepath of the sail.

3. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis, a sailpivoted between the arms, a stop rod having an intermediate portionadapted to lie in the path of the sail with horizontal portions at theends thereof and trunnion portions journaled in said arms, anoutstanding portion formed at the end of said trunnion portions, a meansfor turning the stop-rod attached to said outstanding portions and aspring attached to said portions for retaining the stop-rod.

4. In a wind mill, rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stops for thesails, a relatively fixed plate having an annular recess, an expansiblehoop located in the recess, means for expanding and contracting the hoopand means opera lively connecting said hoop with the stops for thesails.

5. In a wind mill, rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stops for thesails, a relatively fixed plate having an annular recess, a hoop havingoverlapping ends located in said recess, means for expanding andcontracting the hoop and means operatively connecting said hoop with thestops for the sails.

(3. In a wind mill, rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stops for thesails, a relatively fixed plate having an annular recess, an expansiblehoop located in the recess, means for expanding said hoop and forholding the same ere panded, means for contracting the hoop and meansoperatively connecting said hoop with the stops for the sails.

7. In a wind mill, rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stops for thesails, a relatively fixed plate having an annular recess with openingstherein, a pulley supported thereby a hoop having overlapping endsprovided with pins which are located in said openings, a spring attachedto one of said pins and a pull wire attached to the said pin and passingover said pulley and means opei'atively connecting the hoop with thestops for the sails.

8. I11 a wind mill, rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stops for thesails, a relatively fixed plate having an annular recess with openingstherein, one of which is radially disposed and the other substantiallytangentially disposed,

an expansible hoop having overlapping ends provided with pins which arelocated in said openings, :1 spring connecting with the pin located inthe tangentially disposed opening, a wire attached to said pin and ameans operatively connecting said hoop with the stops for the sails.

f). In a wind mill, rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stop-rods forthe sails. a relatively lixed plate, slides mounted thereon, meansoperatively connecting said slides with the stop-r0 ls and means formoving said slides and swinging the stoprodsv 1.0. In a wind mill,rotating arms, sails mounted thereon, stop-rods for the sails, slidessupported for rotation about a lixed a, a relatively fixed plate, meansmounted upon said plate for moving the slides and means operativelyconnecting said slides with said stop rods.

11. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis, a sailpivoted between said arms, a stop-rod for the sail, means for manuallymoving said stop-rod and a wind operated means for mo ig said stopr0d.

12. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis, a sailpivoted between said arms, a swinging stop-rod for the sail carried bythe arms, means for swinging said stopa'od manually and an elevatedwind-actuated means oporatively connected with the stop-rod for swingingthe same.

In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis. a sail pivotedbetween said arms, a swinging stop-rod for the'sail, a relatively fixedplate journaled upon the shaft of the mill and a vane fixed to saidplate, said plate having \vindoperated means operatively connected withthe stop-rod for swinging the same. 7

14. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis, a sailpivoted between the arms, a swinging stop-rod for the sail carried bythe arms, a relatively fixed plate jonrnaled upon the shaft of the mill,a vane fixed to said plate, vanes pivoted to said plate at oppositesides of the first said vane, means for holding the last said vanes atan angle to the first said vane and means connecting the last said vaneswith the stop-rod.

15. In a wind mill, arms mounted for rotation about an axis. sailpivoted between the arms, a swinging stopr0(1 for the sail carried bythe arms, a relatively fixed plate journaled upon the shaft of the mill,wind-operated means carried by the said plate, an expansible hoopcarried by the plate and being operatively connected with said means andmeans operatively connecting said hoop with said stop-rod.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses. Y

ROBERT SNOWDEN BELL. Witnesses 4 HARRIET E. BELL, .T. V. Gannnms.

